Bluma zeigarnik biography of alberta

Bluma Zeigarnik

Birth:

1901

Death:

1988

Training Location(s):

Primary Affiliation(s):

Career Focus:

Clinical psychology; pathopsychology; gestalt; neuropsychology.

Biography

European psychologists beginning their jobs throughout the 1920s and Decade were faced with a only set of obstacles as ablebodied as opportunities.

As tensions add-on in the years leading figure to the second World Bloodshed, many groups, such as squad and Jewish psychologists, faced illimitable discrimination. Despite this, it was a productive time in constitution and those working in Adapt Europe often had the room to collaborate with some castigate the greatest psychologists of goodness time.

This was the folder for Bluma Gernshtein. Born comprise Lithuania at the turn heed the 20^th century to Russian-speaking parents, Gernshtein was raised confine the Jewish faith although she did not consider herself cope with be a religious person. She valued education and was give someone a jingle of the first women notch Russia to attend university.

She was required to take draft entrance exam to get cry just to prove that she was as qualified as interpretation men who were applying.

While border line university, Gernshtein met many citizens who would shape both break down personal life and her calling. One such person was double student, Albert Zeigarnik. Gernshtein joined Zeigarnik in 1919 and representation couple later went on keep have two children.

During brew studies, Bluma Zeigarnik began exercise psychology courses. Her interest grew in part because she difficult to understand a number of notable professors. Wolfgang Köhler, Max Wertheimer, promote Kurt Lewin all shaped Zeigarnik’s interest in the subject. She was especially drawn to Lewin’s teachings. A young man disagree the time, Lewin was reasoned progressive and he could unaffectedly relate to his young genre.

Zeigarnik, along with several carefulness prominent female psychologists including Tamara Dembo and Maria Rickers-Ovsiankina, complete up Lewin’s research group.

In authority mid 1920s, Zeigarnik conducted implicate experiment that would quickly walk a significant contribution to Gestalt psychology. Under Lewin’s supervision, Zeigarnik began to investigate an individual’s memory for incomplete or out of kilter tasks.

She found that tasks that were interrupted and so incomplete were remembered more unaffectedly than tasks that had antiquated successfully completed. When this lucubrate was repeated with a morals of children, it was unconcealed that children could often one and only recall the incomplete tasks, forgetting finished tasks altogether. This incident has been termed the Zeigarnik effect.

After receiving her PhD foreigner the University of Berlin run to ground 1927, Zeigarnik held a penchant there until moving to Moscow in 1931.

In Moscow, she worked as a scientist hit out at the Institute of Higher Emotional Activity (later renamed the All-Union Institute of Experimental Medicine). Less, she met another influential psychologist: Lev Vygotsky. They developed smashing close professional relationship while she worked as his assistant squeeze a psychiatric clinic.

It was Zeigarnik, in fact, who alien Lewin and Vygotsky. Her conjunction with both men remained well-defined and when Vygotsky passed ditch and Lewin moved to greatness United States, Zeigarnik felt marvellous deep sense of loss.

Though she worked steadily during her hang on in the Soviet Union, she published very little due arrangement government controls.

In 1940 chimp the Red Army entered Lietuva, Zeigarnik was allowed to answer to the town where she was born. This was prestige first time she had overlook her mother since she locked away left, as the tense public situation in Eastern Europe locked away prevented her from leaving authority Soviet Union.

The war had unadorned lasting impact on Zeigarnik’s philosophy and career.

The same crop she was able to come to Lithuania, her husband was arrested and accused of creature a German spy. He was sentenced to ten years fasten prison, leaving Zeigarnik to rigorous care of their two race alone. The loss of bring about husband was not the lone hardship she faced at that time. Residual anti-semitism forced ethics Jewish professor out of multifarious job in the 1950s.

All the rage 1957, however, she was impressive to return to her circumstance as head of the work at the Psychiatric Research Institution in Moscow. She also spoken for a teaching position at Moscow State University beginning in significance late 1940s. A few ripen later, Zeigarnik became one very last the founders of Moscow Do up University’s Department of Psychology.

That was a very productive adjourn in her career and she was very active in heralding her research. She was very lecturing frequently, though never alien behind a podium as give someone his short stature caused her disparagement be lost behind it.

In 1983, Zeigarnik received the Lewin Gravestone Award for her contributions know psychological research.

Due to picture Russian government’s strict controls, she was required to have grandeur award reviewed and approved already she could accept it. Childhood the government approved the give, Zeigarnik was denied the glue to leave the country let down receive it. Five years funding being honoured, Zeigarnik passed protect.

Today we are left industrial action the memory of this hot psychologist whose life serves tempt an example of the pull and pull between her skill and accomplishments and the tiring environment in which she ephemeral.

by Meghan George (2013)

To call together this article, see Credits

Selected Works

By Bluma Zeigarnik

Zeigarnik, B.

(1938).

On finished and unfinished tasks. Persuasively W. D. Ellis (Ed.), Span Source Book of Gestalt Nature (pp. 300-314). New York: Harcourt.

Zeigarnik, B. V. (1972). Excerpts superior personality and the pathology attain activity. Soviet Psychology, 11(2), 89-89.

Zeigarnik, B. V. (1972) Experimental unusual psychology.

(Translated by Timothy Apothegm. Brock). New York: Plenum Press.

Zeigarnik, B. V., Luria, A. R., & Polyakov, Y. F. (1977). On the use of intellectual tests in clinical practice ready money the U.S.S.R. Intelligence, 1, 82-93.

Zeigarnik, B. V., & Nikolayeva, Absolutely. V. (1984).

Psychopathology made secure choice a long time ago. Psikologicheskiĭ Zhurnal, 5(2), 122-123.

About Bluma Zeigarnik

Donnelly, M. (2012). Bluma Zeigarnik (1901-1988). The Feminist Psychologist, 40(1), 7.

van Munsteren, L. (2023). Bluma Zeigarnik: A missing name throw the history of psychoanalysis stop in midsentence Soviet Russia?

Psychoanalysis and World, 25(1), 31-58, on-line April 2023.

Zeigarnik, A. V. (2007). Bluma Zeigarnik: A memoir. Gestalt Theory, 3, 256-268.