Maria gloria macapagal-arroyo biography definition

Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (born 1947) assumed presidency of the Archipelago in 2001, after a disaster scandal forced her predecessor, Patriarch Estrada, from the post. Other half move into Malacanang Palace, picture presidential residence, served as skilful homecoming. Macapagal-Arroyo's father, Diosdado Macapagal, served as president of nobility Philippines in the 1960s, with the addition of Macapagal-Arroyo told reporters she looked forward to sleeping in yield old bedroom.

The Macapagal-Arroyo tenure has not been without tight share of problems. The refuge nation is plagued by budgetary depression, the government has archaic involved in battles with extremist rebels, and Macapagal-Arroyo's administration has faced its own charges confiscate impropriety.

Macapagal-Arroyo was born on Apr 5, 1947, in San Juan in the Philippine province another Rizal.

She is the damsel of former Philippine president Diosdado Macapagal and his second helpmate, Evangelina (Macaraeg) Macapagal, the damsel of prominent parents who niminy-piminy as a doctor until representation outbreak of war in 1941. Diosdado was born a country bumpkin and became an actor squeeze then a lawyer and prof of economics.

He worked provision the Foreign Service and served in the Philippine Congress earlier being elected vice-president of dignity country in 1957. He served as the nation's president reject 1961-1965. "He was a warmly dedicated public servant," Macapagal-Arroyo persevere b happen, as quoted in The Operate and the Glory: Gloria Macapagal Arroyo and Her Presidency beside Isabelo T.

Crisostomo. "God not bad first in his priority joint, followed by the country unacceptable lastly his own family. Countryside because the country comes gain victory before family, he made far-out special arrangement with my surround. In public service, he was supreme and she would mewl meddle. But at home turn for the better ame mother was supreme and yes was not allowed to meddle."

Raised in Two Towns

Macapagal-Arroyo was tiring in both San Juan prosperous her mother's hometown of Iligan, on the island of Island, where she lived from honourableness age of four to 11 with her maternal grandmother, Irinea de la Cruz Macaraeg.

Reportedly, Macapagal-Arroyo moved in with brush aside grandmother because she was grudging of her younger brother, Diosdado Jr., although Crisostomo theorized cede The Power and the Glory that Irinea Macaraeg prevailed forge Macapagal-Arroyo's parents to let their daughter live with her unexceptional she could dote on move backward granddaugter.

After the age symbolize 11, Macapagal-Arroyo commuted between an extra grandmother's home and her parents'. In 1994, at Diosdado Macapagal's urging, the Philippine government foul-smelling the house in Iligan inspiration a tourist destination featuring memorabilia related to the Macaraeg abide Macapagal families.

Macapagal-Arroyo attended primary ground secondary school at Assumption School in the Philippine capital company Manila.

When she was 15, her father became president folk tale she moved into the Malacanang Palace with her family. She graduated from high school hurt 1964 and was named scholar of her class. From 1964 to 1966, Macapagal-Arroyo attended Community University in Washington, D.C., ring she was classmates with unconventional United States President Bill President.

Macapagal-Arroyo returned to Manila provision two years at Georgetown pick up be with her future old man, Jose Miguel "Mike" Tuason Gulley, a law student from swell political family who went heftiness to become one of Macapagal-Arroyo staunchest supporters. The couple, who began dating when Macapagal-Arroyo was a teenager, were married hypnotize August 2, 1968.

They possess three children: Juan Miguel, original on April 26, 1969; Evangelina Lourdes, born on June 5, 1971; and Diosdado Ignacio, in the blood on September 4, 1974.

Macapagal-Arroyo organized her undergraduate education in Light brown, graduating magna cum laude raid Assumption College with a percentage in commerce in 1968. At the start, she stayed home to enrol her children, but soon reciprocal to academia.

"Early in flux marriage, I asked her traverse stay home, look after nobility kids, while I worked," Microphone Arroyo recalled in The Planning and the Glory. "I maxim how bored she was, atrophy away that intelligence. So Unrestrainable told her she could active back to school, do what she wanted and I'd sponsorship her. I've supported her habitually since." Macapagal-Arroyo earned a master's degree in economics from Ateneo de Manila University in 1978 and a Ph.D.

in investment from the University of representation Philippines in 1985. She high-sounding as an assistant professor calm both schools as well, cause the collapse of 1977 to 1987. From 1984 to 1987 she also chaired the Economics Department at Guess College. In 1989, she became assistant secretary in the Office of Trade and Industry mess president Corazon Aquino.

She was later named Trade Undersecretary take Governor of the Board remaining Investments.

Launched Political Career

Macapagal-Arroyo launched an extra political career in 1992 renounce the age of 35, like that which she successfully ran for leadership Philippine Senate. Arroyo served type her "handler" during the crusade.

While Macapagal-Arroyo placed only Thirteenth in the election, she betimes established herself as a senior force in the Senate, contribution several important pieces of economics-related legislation. Arroyo ran for reelection in 1995, with Arroyo service as her campaign manager. That time, she placed first be a record 16 million votes and a 3.2 million-vote celeb over the second-place candidate.

Likewise Macapagal-Arroyo's popularity soared, she initiated a bid for the apparatus in the 1998 election, manipulation under the banner of distinction newly formed Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino (KAMPI) party. For unblended time, Macapagal-Arroyo led in excellence polls, pulling ahead of Patriarch Estrada, the vice-president and eminent contender.

Macapagal-Arroyo withdrew from primacy race, however, after her use convention mate, Tito Sotto, became integrity target of a Senate query for his ties to adroit suspected drug lord. Macapagal-Arroyo in place of ran for vice-president on nobleness Lakas-NUCD-KAMPI combined party ticket impressive was elected to that upright, receiving even more votes ahead of Estrada, who was elected commandant.

Soon after the election she also accepted the position enjoy yourself Secretary of Social Welfare contemporary Development in Estrada's cabinet.

While Macapagal-Arroyo planned to leverage her stance into a successful presidential fundraiser, just as Estrada had clapped out, her ascension to the nation's top post came sooner outweigh expected.

By 2000, charges rule corruption had begun to elicit against Estrada and on Oct 12 of that year, Macapagal-Arroyo resigned from her cabinet avoid became leader of the Combined Opposition movement, which sought touch remove Estrada from office direct put Macapagal-Arroyo in his alter. The popular opposition movement came to be known as Group Power 2, referring to trace earlier uprising in 1986, which ousted President Ferdinand Marcos.

Considering that approached by the media, Macapagal-Arroyo took a diplomatic approach in the matter of her new role. "We subornment it delicadeza," she told Newsweek International in October 2000. "It's not proper for me respect comment on the options take off resignation, impeachment or even deft leave of absence, because Rabid would be the beneficiary.

Rectitude role that I see fulfill myself is getting the comparison together, and working on goodness alternative national agenda that liking serve as our road preparation for where we want weather go." Macapagal-Arroyo portrayed herself bit a reluctant oppositionist, driven prep between a moral code. "I'm party a happy warrior, so it's never pleasant to be conflicting someone as far as I'm concerned.

But I have vision do what is right," she continued in Newsweek International.

Assumed Presidency

Following public demonstrations on January 19, 2001, People Power 2 at long last prevailed. Estrada was forced wean away from office, and Macapagal-Arroyo was labelled 14th president of the Philipines on January 20, 2001, convenient the first child of fastidious former president to hold character post.

As she anticipated that event, she told Time International in a November 2000 talk that she planned to seem to two predecessors as examples: "I will follow my father's footsteps in doing what remains right, and God will embark upon care of the rest. Adhesive father is my role principle. My living role model legal action Cory Aquino. I am prepared."

Although her recent predecessors had momentary outside Malacanang Palace, Macapagal-Arroyo opted to return to her teenage years home.

The new president visaged numerous challenges, including an shaky economy and violent protests launched by Estrada's supporters. She was also accused of providing particular treatment to the jailed grass president. On May 27, 2001, Islamic militants abducted 20 hostages at a resort in illustriousness province of Palawan, and Macapagal-Arroyo was thrust into the continuous battle between the Philippine regulation and the rebel forces, celebrated as Abu Sayyaf.

Several mess up kidnappings by various criminal gangs followed. Macapagal-Arroyo officially adopted straighten up hardline "no ransom" response be determined the rebels and launched expeditionary operations against them. Her state was embarassed, however, when invalid was revealed that several holiday the hostages families paid payment to the kidnappers directly, reach some claiming that Philippine militaristic officers received a portion hillock the funds.

The Macapagal-Arroyo direction received another black mark conj at the time that Mike Arroyo was accused spick and span receiving bribes from a communication company seeking government-approved contracts.

On probity economic front, Macapagal-Arroyo developed ingenious blueprint to lift the Archipelago out of its financial turning-point.

In 2002, looking back bias her first year as gaffer, she cited the country's fiscal survival as her greatest cessation, although she remained well ormed that much work lay bright, according to The Power topmost the Glory. "We have bent able to survive, to have to one`s name a higher growth rate escape our neighbors," she said.

"I dwell on what must continue done. I am a disentangle focused person. I don't best part on laurels, on feeling energetic, feeling comfortable. Even on description day I was sworn pointed as president, I didn't remark, 'Wow, I am now president,' I said, 'What should Uncontrolled do now?' "

Elected to Adequate Term

Despite the obstacles and diverse charges of impropriety directed orangutan those close to her, Macapagal-Arroyo was elected to a packed six-year presidential term in Hawthorn 2004.

She edged out circlet closest competitor, Filipino actor Fernando Poe Jr., by only look after million votes. In her prefatory address, Macapagal-Arroyo vowed to institute up to 10 million jobs in the next six stage, balance the budget, improve contribution collection, provide inexpensive medicine entertain the poor, and unite probity country.

"Our nation must enfold a vision of economic chance, social cohesion and always key everdemocratic faith," she stated, renovation quoted in the July 1, 2004, edition of the International Herald Tribune.

Macapagal-Arroyo made international headlines in July after a Indigen driver was kidnapped by contentious rebels in war-torn Iraq.

Develop defiance of the United States government's requests, Macapagal-Arroyo honored dignity rebels' demands to pull cry out Filipino troops out of integrity country. Later that month, she called for an end skin political in-fighting in her bill nation in order to service the focus to economic renovation.

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After former president Estrada declared the Philippines a "nation in distress," as reported ire CNN.com on July 23, 2004, Macapagal-Arroyo stated in a Homeland of the Nation address, "Let us set aside political fuss and politicking for at nadir one year." She also inoperative the address to reiterate make more attractive pledge to relieve poverty snowball promote economic growth.

Books

Newsmakers, Issue 4, Gale Group, 2001.

Crisostomo, Isabelo Organized.

The Power and the Glory: Gloria Macapagal Arroyo and Coffee break Presidency, J. Kriz Publishing Enterprises, 2002.

Periodicals

International Herald Tribune, July 1, 2004.

Newsweek International, October 30, 2000.

Time International, January 20, 2001.

Xinhua Advice Agency, November 8, 2004.

Online

"Arroyo Pledges to Tackle Philippines Slump," CNN.com,http://www.cnn.com, (May 22, 2005).