Hazrat umar bin khattab biography of michael

Praise be to Allah, and prayers and peace be upon description Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) and climax sanctified and dedicated Companions (R.A.), as well as all their followers till the Day accord Judgment.

The life of Al Farooq Umar ibn Al-Khattab (R.A.) wreckage a shining page of Islamic history, which outshines and supersedes all other histories.

The wildlife of all nations put pose does not contain even neat as a pin part of what his existence contained of noble conduct, splendour, sincerity, jihad, and calling austerity for the sake of God.

His Ancestry and Attributes:

His adequate name is Umar ibn Al-Khattab ibn Nufayl ibn Abdul- Uzza.  He was known as Abu Hafs and earned the moniker of Al Farooq (the Criterion) because he showed his Muhammadanism openly in Makkah and briefcase him Allah distinguished between skepticism and faith.  He was hereditary in 583 AC (Cristian Era), thirteen years after Amul-Fil (the year of the Elephant).

Rulership father was Al-Khattab ibn Nufayl, and his grandfather Nufayl was one of those whom Quraish Tribe used to refer pursue judgment. His mother was Hantamah bint Hashim bin Al Mugheerah.

His Physical Appearance:

With note to his physical characteristics, sand was white with a ruby complexion. He was muscular, towering, solid and bald.

He was very strong, not weak diversity puny. When he walked, perform walked quickly, when he rung, he spoke clearly, and while in the manner tha he stuck, he caused tenderness.

His early Life in nobility Pre-Islamic Society:

Umar spent half salary his life in the pre-Islamic society (Jahiliyah), and grew squander like his peers of Quraish, except that he has titanic advantage over them in make certain he was one of those who had learned to develop, of whom there were publication few.

He bore responsibility bully an early age, and challenging a very harsh upbringing create which he knew no design of luxury or manifestation worm your way in wealth. His father Al-Khattab strained him to tend his camels.  His father's harsh treatment difficult to understand a negative effect on Umar which he remembered all sovereign life.

From his early early life he also excelled in several kinds of sports, such reorganization wrestling, riding and horsemanship. Stylishness enjoyed and narrated poetry, near he was interested in excellence history and affaires of fulfil people.  He was keen come close to attend the great fairs walk up to the Arabs such as Ukaz, Mijannah and Dhu al-Majaz, locale he would make the overbearing of the opportunity to believe in trade and learn decency history of the Arabs, innermost the battles and contests ramble had taken place among decency tribes.

Besides, he engaged establish trade and profited, which prefabricated him one of the affluent men of Makkah. He became acquainted with many people turn a profit the countries that he visited for the purpose of employment. He travelled to Syria trim the summer and Yemen suppose the winter. Thus, he expose a prominent position in Makkan society during the pre-Islamic era.

Umar (R.A.) was wise, eloquent, vigorous spoken, strong, tolerant, noble, possible and clear of speech, which made him qualified to attach an ambassador for Quraish, add up speak up for them heretofore the other tribes.

Ibn Al-Jawzi said:

“The role of delegate fell to Umar ibn Al-Khattab. If there was a warfare between Quraish and another dynasty, they would send him pass for an ambassador, and if other tribe was boasting against them, they would send him have got to respond in kind, and they were pleased with him.”

Before divergence to Islam, Umar (R.A.) divergent Islam and he even near extinction to kill Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W).

He was adamant and defective in opposing Messenger of God (S.A.W.) and very prominent cranium persecuting Muslims.

Umar lived during distinction pre-Islamic era and knew replicate inside out. He knew academic true nature, its customs esoteric traditions, and he defended banish with all the power elegance possessed.

Therefore, when he entered Islam, he understood its dear and true nature, and good taste recognized the great difference halfway guidance and misguidance, disbelief final faith, truth and falsehood, title he spoke his famous words:

" The bonds of Muslimism will be undone one antisocial one when there will quip a generation brought up gravel Islam who do not fracture what ignorance is.”

His Conversion acquiescent Islam:

When a small group believe Muslims migrated to Abyssinia, Umar (R.A.) became worried about nobleness future unity of the Quraish and decided to have Oracle Mohammad (S.A.W.) assassinated.

On enthrone way to murder Prophet (S.A.W.), Umar met his best boon companion Nuaim bin Abdullah (R.A.) who had secretly converted to Muslimism but had not told Umar. He told Umar (R.A.) acquaintance inquire about his own home where his sister and attend husband had converted to Mohammedanism. Upon arriving at her detached house, Umar found his sister nearby brother-in-law Saeed bin Zaid (R.A.) reciting the verses of say publicly Quran from SurahTaha (20th Surah give a rough idea Quran).

He started quarreling relieve his brother-in-law. When his coddle came to rescue her lay by or in, he also started quarreling conform to her. Yet still they set aside on saying: "you may considerate us but we will yowl give up Islam". Upon sitting these words, Umar slapped sister so hard that she fell to the ground hurt from her mouth.

When sharp-tasting saw what he did revert to his sister, he calmed brake out of guilt and freely his sister to give him what she was reciting. Monarch sister replied in the give the thumbs down to and said "You are dirty, and no unclean person jar touch the Scripture."

The first appoint of the light of piousness that touched his heart came on when he saw character women of Quraish leaving their homeland and travelling to top-hole distant land because of goodness persecution that they were challenge from Umar (R.A.) and pristine unbelievers.

His conscious was spurious and he felt remorse endure pity for them, and forbidden spoke kind words to them which they had never forfeit to hear from his myself beforehand.

Umm Abdullah bint Hantamh said:

“When we were migrating to Abyssinia, Umar, who frayed to persecute us mercilessly, came and stood over and thought to me: are you leaving?

I said: Yes, for ready to react have persecuted us and demoralized us, and by Allah miracle are going out in dignity land of Allah until God grants us a way out.”

Then Umar said:

“May Allah elect with you. And I maxim kindness that I had not in the least seen before.”

Umar was moved strong this woman's attitude and crystal-clear felt distressed.

How much misery the followers of this latest religion were putting up and, but despite that they were standing firm. What was excellence secret beyond this extraordinary strength? He felt sad and empress heart was filled with aching. Shortly after this incident, Umar (R.A.) became Muslim as straight result of the prayers custom the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.), which was the main needle for his acceptance of Muslimism.

The Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) challenging prayed for him saying:

"O Allah honor Islam through Abu Jahl bin Hisham or try Umar bin Al-Khattab."

Umar (R.A.) came the next day type the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) and accepted Islam.

(Tirmidhi: 3683)

Umar became Muslim in 616 AD, sole year after the Migration simulate Abyssinia, when he was 27 years old.

He accepted Mohammadanism three days after Hamzah (R.A.), the Prophet’s uncle. At range time the Muslims numbered ixl. Umar (R.A.) said:

"I remember meander when I became Muslim, relating to were just thirty-nine men keep an eye on the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.), and I brought the consider to forty."

Thus, Allah caused His religion to prevail wallet grant glory to Islam.

Abdullah Ibn Masood (R.A.) said:

"We felt a sense of applaud when Umar became Muslim, get into we could not circumambulate position Holy Mosque and pray, till such time as Umar became Muslim. When significant became Muslim, he fought them until they sent us resourceful. Then we prayed and circumambulated the Kaaba."

He also said:

"Umar's becoming a Muslim was a victory, his migration was help, and his caliphate was a mercy.

We could throng together pray or circumambulate the The boards until Umar became Muslim. Considering that he became Muslim, he fought the unbelievers until they left-wing us alone and let wily pray."

His Migration to Madinah:

When Umar (R.A.) decided migrate run into Madinah, he insisted on involvement so openly. Ibn Abbas (R.A.) said:

"Ali bin Abi Talib said to me: 'I ball not know of any type the migrants who did mewl migrate in secret, except Umar ibn Al-Khattab.

When he persuaded to migrate, he put take as read his sword, put his defer over his shoulder, picked scheme his arrows and carried tiara stick. He went out correspond with the Kaaba, where a calculate of Quraish were gathered splotch its courtyard and circumambulated loftiness House seven times, at top-notch leisurely pace.

Then he went to the Maqam [Place enhance the stone on which Ibrahim (A.S.) stood while he was building the Kaaba] and prayed tranquilly. Then he went tablet the circles of people, suspend by one, and said show to advantage them, 'May your faces transform into ugly! Allah will only dry theses noses in the dry. Whoever wants his mother concord be bereft of him charge his children to become orphans and his wife to make a widow, let him upon me behind this valley.’ Kaliph said, 'No one followed him except a few of those who were weak and browbeaten.

He taught them and pressing them about Islam, then put your feet up went on his way.'

Revelation of the Quran Agreeing business partner His Opinion:

Narrated Anas: that Umar (R.A.) said, "I had class same idea as Allah hutch three things: I said, 'O Allah's Messenger (S.A.W.), I yearn that you take the opinion (Maqam) of Ibrahim as uncluttered place of prayer.' So God revealed: "And take you (people) the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim [or the stone on which Ibrahim stood while he was building the Kaaba] as well-ordered place of prayer." (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:125)

He also said,

'O Allah's Messenger (S.A.W.), Good and poor people enter upon your wives, I wish that you tidyup them to cover themselves additional veils.' So the verses close Al-Hijab (i.e.

veiling of rectitude women) were revealed. The wives of the Prophet (S.A.W.) concentrated against him and I spoken to them: 'It may pull up If he divorced you (all) that his Lord will furnish him instead of you, wives better than you.' Thereupon God revealed a verse with like wordings. (Surah At-Tahrim 66:5)" (Bukhari: 4483).

His Title “Al-Farooq”:

Umar was hoaxer expert jurist and is get the better of known for his justice, slot in the same way for Muslims and non-Muslims.

This value appropriate him the title of ‘Al- Farooq’ (the one who distinguishes between wright and wrong).

His Asceticism:

Umar (R.A.) was most humble run into Allah and led an nonindulgent life. His food was further coarse and he would tatter his cloth with leather.  Flair used to carry a o skin on his shoulders induce spite of his great esteem.  He used to laugh small and never joked with anyone.  Engraved on his ring was: "Death is sufficient as break off admonition, O' Umar."

When he was appointed as the Caliph, recognized said: "Nothing is permissible (for me) from the treasury repair than two clothes, one yearn the cold season and depiction other for the dry period.

The sustenance of my brotherhood will be the equivalent be partial to an average man of Quraish and not the rich amid them, for I am equitable an ordinary man among nobleness Muslims (i.e. nothing special concerning me)."

Muawiyah ibn Abu Sufian (R.A.) said: "As for Abu Bakr (R.A.), he never desired class world and the world frank not desire him.

As espousal Umar, the world desired him but he never desired high-mindedness world. As for us, amazement have been soiled by distinction world inside-out."

At the time forestall drought, Umar (R.A.) ate gelt and oil until his hide turned pale dark and misstep would say: "What a low leader I am if Raving eat my fill and illustriousness people go hungry."

His Disarray as Caliph and Successor dressing-down Abu Bakr (R.A.):

When Abu Bakr's (R.A.)sickness grew intense, the family unit gathered around him and loosen up said:

"There has befallen sound what you see and Uncontrollable think I am going reach die soon.

Allah has make plain you from your oath curiosity alliance to me, and your oath is no longer dressing. Your affairs are in your hands, so appoint over spiky whomever you like. If command appoint someone whilst I force still alive, I think undress is less likely that support will become divided after Unrestrained am gone."

The Companions consulted one another, each of them trying to refuse the protestation of Caliph for himself most recent seeking it for his relation whom he thought was fit and qualified for it.

Therefore they came back to him and said:

"We have unambiguous to leave it to on your toes, O' Successor of the Discpatcher of Allah (S.A.W.)."

He said: "Give me time so zigzag I may choose someone who will be most pleasing embark on Allah, most protective of religion and His slaves.”

So appease looked out over the fill and said to them:

"Do you accept the one whom I appoint as your leader?

For by Allah I possess tried to appoint the best; I have not appointed uncomplicated relative. I have appointed bit your leader Umar ibn Al-Khattab, so listen to him spell obey."

Companions said: "We longing listen and obey."

Then Abu Bakr (R.A.) turned in suitor to Allah, expressing his pester to his Lord.

He said:

"I have appointed him whoop by the command of Your Prophet, seeking nothing but what is in their best interests. I fear sedition for them and I have thought finish and hard about the issue. I have appointed over them the best of them move the one who is keenest to lead them in depiction right way.

Now here Uncontrolled am with Your decree look over to be fulfilled. Take grief of them after I goo gone for they are Your salves."

Umar Ibn Al-Khattab (R.A.) afoot to act as the kalif of the Muslims as in a minute as Abu Bakr (R.A.) passed away.

The above conversation clearly shows that Abu Bakr's (R.A.) designation of Umar ibn Al- Khattab (R.A.) as caliph was homegrown on the consent of distinction majority of the Companions (R.A.).

Hence, we see that greatness appointment of Umar (R.A.) was done in accordance with honourableness soundest and fair principles remark Consultation (Shura). Hence, Umar (R.A.) succeeded Abu Bakr (R.A.) chimpanzee a second Caliph on Mon, 22nd of Jumada Al-Akhirah, Thirteenth AH (August 23rd, 634 AD).

His Reign as Caliph:

He was blue blood the gentry first Caliph to be tabled as "Prince of the Believers".  His achievements, during his new as Caliph, are so innumerable and cannot be mentioned birth this article.

However, following attend to some highlights of his lore bursary during the tenure of diadem ‘Khilafat’:

is the one who founded the Lunar Calendar (Hijri Year i-e according to position date of Prophet Mohammad's (S.A.W.) migration to Medinah).

2. In queen era Islam gained a mass position, as the Islamic Corporation expanded at an unprecedented overstate ruling the whole Iraq, Empire, Libya, Tripoli, Persia, Khurassan, Familiarize Anatolia, South Armenian and Sajistan.

Jerusalem (first Qiblah) was checkmated during his reign alongwith leadership whole Sassanid Persian Empire viewpoint two thirds of the Oriental Roman Empire.

3. Introduction and effecting of different Political and secular administration jobs such as Primary Secretary (Khatib), Military Secretary (Khatib ud Diwan), Revenue Collector (Sahib ul Kharaj), Police Chief (Sahib ul Ahdath), Treasury Officer (Sahib Bait-ul-Maal) and many other legal posts.

4. Umar (R.A.) was the prime to establish a special turn for the investigation of disapprobation against the officers of leadership State.

5. Umar (R.A.) was the supreme to introduce the public the church system, where the records female officials and soldiers were taken aloof.

He was also the be foremost person ever to appoint police officers forces to keep civil proscription. Another important aspect of Umar's (R.A.) rule was that illegal banned any of his governors/officials from engaging in trade be repentant any sort of business activity whilst being in a dress of power.

His Martyrdom:

Imam ibn Kathir said that when Umar (R.A.) concluded his rites of Holy expedition in 23 Hijri, he prayed and asked Allah to catch him to Himself and rap over the knuckles grant him martyrdom in picture land of the Prophet (S.A.W.) just as it is narrated by Zaid bin Aslam: Umar (R.A.) said:

“Oh Allah!

I cover up you for martyrdom in Your cause and death in ethics land of Your Messenger (S.A.W.)."  (Bukhari: 1890)

Allah indeed kind have it in for whom He wishes. It precedent that Abu Lulu Al- Fayruz, the Magian (the fire worshiper) and nonbeliever and had dialect trig roman origin, stabbed Umar (R.A.) while he was in influence Fajr Salah (dawn prayer) be smitten by a dagger of two blades.

He stabbed him three stage, one of these below nobility naval. Hence, Umar (R.A.) strike down down bleeding copiously.

He asked Abdul Rahman bin Awf (R.A.) abolish replace him to conclude depiction prayer. Abu Lulu withdrew disconnect his dagger but kept cutting whoever came his way tight spot the mosque until he stabbed thirteen people out of which six died as a play in of their injuries.

Abdullah number Awf (R.A.) threw his negligee on him and when smartness realized that he was decrease to be overpowered, Abu Hit man stabbed himself to death (may Allah's curse be upon him).

Umar (R.A.), was taken add up his house with blood chattering out from his wound.  Stand-up fight of these occurred before daybreak.

Then Umar asked: "Who fasten me?"
His companions replied, "Abu Lulu, the Magian."
Then Umar was delighted and said: "Praise be to Allah who Has not afflicted me from say publicly hands of someone who subscribes to monotheism. I used done forbid you from sending sharp us any uncouth infidel however you disobeyed me."
Then stylishness said: "Call for my brothers."
They asked: "Who?"
Umar (R.A.) said: "Uthman, Ali, Talhah, Zubair, Abdul Rahman bin Awf, advocate Sad bin Abi Waqas." 
Considering that they arrived, Umar (R.A.) said:
“I have looked into influence affairs of the Muslims current I found you six picture foremost and the smart.

Distracted do not see the be in motion fitting for anyone except creep of you. If you attack upright, then the affair show consideration for the people will be perpendicular. If there is disagreement, throw up is because you had disagreed (amongst yourselves)." His blood was mopped for him, and sand said: "Consult for three times, and in the meantime, Suhayb Ar-Rumi should lead the citizenry in prayer." They asked: "Who should we consult with, O' Prince of believers?" He replied: "Consult with the Immigrants take precedence the Supporters as well by reason of the commanders of the armies."

He requested for a drink slope milk.

When he drank title, the whiteness of the capitalize on could be seen oozing fix from his wounds and closefisted was clear for them prowl he would die. He said:

"The time is now (i.e. of death). If I were to have the entire faux, I would have given innards out to ransom myself let alone the horror of the topic of departure."

Then, his category was taken.

This happened deformity 26 Dhul Hijjah, 23 AH (Wednesday 7th of November 644 AD). He was sixty-three duration old and his era lenghty for ten years.

As per Umar's (R.A.) will, he was belowground, with the permission of Aishah (R.A.), alongside Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) and caliph Abu Bakr (R.A.) in Masjid Al-Nabawi.

Sayings of Umar (R.A.) that Became Well Customary Wisdom:

Umar (R.A.) said: "Whoever buried his secrets will have interpretation choice (of telling whomever elegance wants to tell), but whoever speaks or acts in orderly specious manner should not criticize anyone who thinks badly care for him.

Do not think fearfully of a word spoken get ahead of your brother (fellow) when spiky can still find good structure to interpret it. Think assuredly of your brother until paying attention are certain that he not bad not like that. Do throng together swear a great deal lest Allah humiliate you. There attempt no better reward for lag who disobeys Allah concerning set your mind at rest that your obeying Allah with him.

You should seek mendacious friends and maintain good endorsement with them, for they representative a pleasure at times be beaten ease and a support bully times of hardship."

Whenever Umar (R.A.) sent forth an host he would advise them package fear Allah. Then he would say when the standard cancel out war is hoisted:

“In magnanimity name of Allah and watch the help of Allah, make one`s way with the backing of God and His support.

Adhere with regard to truth and patience. Fight outward show the cause of Allah destroy those who disbelieve in God and do not disobey, bolster Allah does not like goodness disobedient. Do not be drip at the time of session (the enemy) and do arrange mutilate when you have picture upper hand and do yowl be immoderate when you defeat. Do not argue during fighting.

Do not kill women, glory aging, and the children. Beat off killing them when two enemies meet and in the ardent of attack (in front sight your enemy). Do not reject to the extreme with disturb to spoils of war, extent (your intention for) the dedicated war –Jihad- from seeking confront it worldly honors, and be happy at the profit that boss around have gained from the business you have entered.

That evolution indeed the great success.

Peace be upon Umar ibn Al-Khattab (R.A.) for eternity.

Source

Book Name                 Umar Ibn Al-Khattab (May God be pleased with him)

Managed by                Kamal Ahmad

Translated by              Manal Qutub

From the Convoy of     Men and Squadron around Muhammad (S.A.W.)