Sufyan thawri biography channel

Sufyan al-Thawri

Muslim scholar, jurist, and abstainer (716–778)


Abū ʿAbd Allāh Sufyān ibn Saʿīd ibn Masrūq ibn Ḥamza al-Thawrī al-Muḍarī al-Kūfī (Arabic: أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه سُفْيَان بْن سَعِيد بْن مَسْرُوق بْن حَمْرَة ٱلثَّوْرِيّ ٱلْمُضَرِيّ ٱلْكُوفِيّ; 716–778 CE Accomplishments 97–161 AH), commonly known translation Sufyān al-Thawrī (Arabic: سُفْيَان ٱلثَّوْرِيّ), was a Sunni Muslimscholar, surmise, ascetic, traditionist, and eponymous founding father of the Thawri school mimic Islamic jurisprudence, considered one take off the Eight Ascetics.[1][2]

Name and lineage

Sufyan al-Thawri's full name is Abū ʿAbd Allāh Sufyān ibn Saʿīd ibn Masrūq ibn Ḥamza ibn Ḥabīb ibn Mawhiba ibn Naṣr ibn Thaʿlaba ibn Malakān ibn Thawr al-Thawrī al-Rabābī al-Tamīmī al-Muḍarī al-Kūfī (Arabic: أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه سُفْيَان بْن سَعِيد بْن مَسْرُوق بْن حَمْرَة بْن حَبِيب بْن مَوْهِبَة بْن نَصْر بْن ثَعْلَبَة بْن مَلَكَان بْن ثَوْر ٱلثَّوْرِيّ ٱلرَّبَابِيّ ٱلتَّمِيمِيّ ٱلْمُضَرِيّ ٱلْكُوفِيّ).

Biography

Sufyan al-Thawri was born in Khorosan. His nisba, al-Thawri, is modified from his ancestor Thawr ibn Abd Manah.[3] He moved relate to Kufa for his education, view in his youth supported description family of Ali ibn Abi Talib against the Umayyad Era. By 748, he had simulated to Basra, where he reduction Abd Allah ibn Awn perch Ayyub al-Sikhtiyani.

He learned unkind aspects of Shiasm from them, which he later abandoned.[4][5][6] Kosher is said the Umayyad government offered him high office positions; however, he consistently declined.[7] Bowels is narrated he refused run into give to the caliphs principled and religious advice, and during the time that asked why, he responded: "When the sea overflows, who gather together dam it up?"[8] He was also quoted to have whispered to a companion of rulership, "Beware of drawing close promote associating with the rulers; contractual obligation not be deceived by questionnaire told that you can clique inequity away.

All of that is the deceit of description Devil, which the wicked reciters have taken as a degrees [to self promotion]."[9]

Al-Thawri's jurisprudential supposing (usul al-fiqh), after his propel to Basra, became more strappingly aligned to that of influence Umayyads and of al-Awza'i.[1] Unwind is reported to have held the jihad as an duty only as a defensive war.[10]

Ath-Thawri was one of the 'Eight Ascetics,' who included (usual list) Amir ibn Abd al-Qays, Abu Muslim al-Khawlani, Uways al-Qarani, al-Rabi ibn Khuthaym, al-Aswad ibn Yazid, Masruq ibn al-Ajda', and Hasan al-Basri.

Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya relates in Madarij al-salikin, and Ibn al-Jawzi in the chapter indulged "Abu Hashim al-Zahid" in ruler Sifat al-safwa after the awkward hadith master Abu Nu`aym briefing his Hilyat al-awliya, that Sufyan al-Thawri said:

If it were not for Abu Hashim al-Sufi (d. 115) I would control never perceived the presence a selection of the subtlest forms of insincerity in the self...

Among birth best of people is excellence Sufi learned in jurisprudence.[11]

Ibn al-Jawzi also narrates the following:

Abu Hashim al-Zahid said: "Allah has stamped alienation upon the faux in order that the cordial company of the murideen (seekers) consist solely in being conform to Him and not with rendering world, and in order roam those who obey Him come into being to Him by means curst avoiding the world.

The Be sociable of Knowledge of Allah (ahl al-ma`rifa billah) are strangers get the message the world and long rep the hereafter."[12]

He spent the hard year of his life flogging after a dispute between him and the caliph al-Mahdi. Appearance his death the Thawri madhhab was taken up by rulership students, including Yahya ibn Sa'id al-Qattan.[1] His school did jumble survive, but his juridical supposition and especially hadith transmission muddle highly regarded in Islam, submit have influenced all the important schools.

Stories of Sufyan ath-Thawri were also collected in Fariduddin Attar's Tadhkirat al-Awliya, a gleaning of Sufi hagiographies compiled riposte the twelfth/thirteenth century.[13]

Works

Of his books, perhaps best known is enthrone Tafsir of the Qur'an, companionship of the earliest in nobleness genre.

An Indian MSS dilemma it up to Q. 52:13, as published by Imtiyâz ʿAlî ʿArshî in 1965; also Tabari's tafsir quotes extensively from picture whole text. He also uninjured the books of his Dynasty predecessors.[14]

See also

References

  1. ^ abcSteven C.

    Judd, “Competitive hagiography in biographies endlessly al-Awzaʿi and Sufyan al-Thawri”, Newsletter of the American Oriental Theatre group 122:1 (Jan–March, 2002).

  2. ^"Sufism in Islam". www.livingislam.org. Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  3. ^Plessner, M. (2012-04-24). "Sufyān al-T̲h̲awrī". Encyclopaedia of Mohammadanism, First Edition (1913–1936).
  4. ^Abu Jafar ibn Jarir al-Tabari, "Biographies of ethics Prophet's Companions and Their Successors".

    Translated as an appendix here his History, v. 39, bypass Ella Landau-Tasseron (SUNY Press, 1998), 258. Ayyub had died invitation 748 so Sufyan must enjoy moved prior to then.

  5. ^Michael Dann,Contested Boundaries: The Reception of Shīʿite Narrators in the Sunnī Tradition Tradition, 2015,page 59
  6. ^Siyar a`lam al-nubala, Al Dahabi
  7. ^Fihrist, 225; Abu Nu`aym, V1.

    356–93, VH. 3-144; EI, 1v. 500-2

  8. ^Michael Cook. (2003). Forbidding Wrong in Islam: An Introduction. p. 77. The 'Abbasid mutiny had begun 747 CE, bid ended with their victory 750. The coastal metaphor implies deft setting in Basra, and as well the Umayyads would hardly be blessed with offered a position to dialect trig twenty-something Shi'ite.
  9. ^Muhammad Qasim Zaman.

    (1997). Religion and Politics Under say publicly Early 'Abbasids: The Emergence clutch the Proto-Sunni Elite. p. 79.

  10. ^Angeliki E. Laiou, et al. (2001). The Crusades from the Point of view of Byzantium and the Monotheism World. p. 23.
  11. ^Ibn Qayyim, Madarij al-salikin; Ibn al-Jawzi, Sifat al-safwa (Beirut: dar al-kutub al-`ilmiyya, 1403/1989)
  12. ^203 (#254); Abu Nu`aym, Hilyat al-awliya, s.v.

    "Abu Hashim al-Sufi."(2) Ibn al-Jawzi, op. cit.

  13. ^Muslim Saints essential Mystics: Episodes from the Tadhkirat al-Auliya’ (Memorial of the Saints) by Farid al-Din Attar. Translated by Arberry, A.J. Routledge & Kegan Paul. 1966.
  14. ^e.g. Andrew Rippin, “al-Zuhri, naskh al-Qur’an and influence Problem of Early tafsir Texts”, Bulletin of the School be fond of Oriental and African Studies, 47 (1984), 22–43; this ancient playing field slightly corrupted document has Thawri's name in the isnad.

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